Oil-pump for explosive-engines.



Patente/d Apr. 23, |901; IA. .1 mm1 &. n. mAcPHEnsoNn DIL PUMP FOR'EXPLOSIVE ENGINES.

(Applicmon. med sept. 21, 1899.)

(No Model.)

ARTHUR J. FRITH, OF NEV YORK, N. Y., AND JAMES D. MAOPHERSON, Oll PASSATO, NEW JERSEY, ASSIGNORS TO DIESEL MOTOR COMPANY OF AMERICA, OE NEW YORK, N. Y,

OIL-PUMP FOR EXPLOSlVE-ENGINES.

SPECIFICATION forming part f Letters Patent NO. 672,477, dated .April 23, 1901.

' Application filed September 21, 1899. Serial No. 731,226. (No model.)

To @ZZ whom t may concern.-

Beit known that we, ARTHUR J. FRITH, residing in the borough of Manhattan, in the city, county, and State of New York, and

JAMES D. MACPHERSON, residing at Passaic, in the county of Passaic and State of New Jersey, citizens of the United States, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Oil-Pumps for Motors, of which the followro ing is a specifcaton.

This invention relates to improvements in oil-pumps for motors, particularly Afor internal-combustion motors; and the object of the invention is to provide a pump for this purpose which will be regulable either under the control of a speed-governor or of the operator and which will be at the same time simple and effective in operation.

The general principle of this pump is simizo lar to that of a form of pump now applied to engines of this class wherein with a view to obtaining certainty in the delivery of small quantities of oil the pump draws in in the suction-stroke a much larger quantity of oil z5 than is actually needed. In the return or driving stroke this oil at first is driven through a by-pass back into the reservoir, and at a certain point of the stroke this by-pass is closed and the remaining oil is forced through a 3o check-valve to the fuel-valve of the engine. By varying the time of closure of the by-pass very slight variations in the quantity of oil delivered are easily accomplished. The operation of our invention is somewhat similar,

but the connection back to the reservoir is closed at a determinate point of the stroke, the variation in feed being effected by varying the stroke of the pump-piston after such closure. To this end the suction-valve is held 4o open by a spring until the piston reaches such determinate point of its stroke, when it acts through a spring to close the suctionvalve, and thus cut off communication with the reservoir, the latter spring then yielding to enable the further movement of the piston.

No by-pass is necessary with this arrangement, and the variation of the feed is eected simply and accurately by adj ustment of the stroke of the piston by suitable means. All

air-bubbles that are drawn in in the suction- 5o stroke remain at the top of the liuid and are driven back through the suction-valve before the latter closes, so that when said valve does close only oil is forced into the engine.

Our invention includes other features of the pump operating and controlling mechanism, as hereinafter set forth.

In the accompanying drawings, Figure lis a vertical section of an oil-pump mechanism embodying our invention. Fig. 2 isa partly- 6o sectional elevation of a portion of same at right angles to Fig. l. Fig. 3 is a detail view in section of the preferred form of the suction-valve. Fig. 4 is a cross-section on the line at in Fig. 3.

Only the parts which are directly concerned in the invention are shown in the drawings. Thus the engine to which the oil is supplied and the reservoir from which the supply is taken are not represented, the same being of 7o any usual or suitable construction.

l represents the pipe leading from the oilreservoir, and 2 the pipe leading to the engine.

3 indicates the frame of the pump mechanism, to which the various parts hereinafter described are attached.

The pipe lis in communication with a cylinder-chamber 4, such communication being controlled bythe suction-valve 5, which is normally held off its seat by a helical spring 8o 6. A spring 7, below and engaging or connected with the valve 5, is engaged by piston 8, which works in the cylinder-space 4. The seat of valve 5 is formed in a bushing 9, which screws into frame 3, the oil-supply pipe l leading to the axial channel or bore of this bushing.

Leading laterally from the cylinder-space 4 is a channel 10,'connecting with the oil-delivery pipe 2 through a check-valve ll, which 9o only opens when the piston 8, having closed the valve 5 through the spring 7, interposed between it and said valve, puts the oil in the cylinder-space under pressure. This valve ll is formed in a detachable screw bushing or nipple l2, to which pipe 2 is connected. The piston 8 is prolonged in the form of a rod, which'is guided in bearings 13 14 in the frame, and at its lower end is provided an adjustable collar 15, between which and the bearing 14 a spring 16 is arranged to cause the piston to be drawn away from valve 5. The adjustment of collar l5 is effected by a nut 17, screwing on the lower end of rod 8. A screw collar or nut 18, working on a screwthreaded portion 19 of piston-rod 8 and provided with a lock-nut 20, is engaged by an arm of a bell-crank or lbent lever 21, which is pivoted to the frame 3 at 22, and whose other arm carries a roller 23, engaging with a cone-cam 24, mounted on a shaft 25, which is connected to the engine, so as to be driven thereby. The cam 24 is splined or otherwise connected to shaft 25, so that it is capable of longitudinal movement thereon while rotating therewith, and said cone is tapered or made of varying diameter longitudinally, so that by shifting it longitudinally on its shaft e stroke of iston 8 may be varied. To effect such longitudinal movement of the cam, it may be connected with manual or automatic controlling devices, or both. Thus we have shown an adjusting-lever 26 engaging by a fork at its upper end pins 27, projecting from a ring or collar 28, fitting in a groove in an extension or hub 29 of the cam, the hub turning freely within such ring, but moved longitudinally thereby. The lever 26 is pivoted `on a center 30, and to enable manual variation or adjustment thereof this center is itself adjustable, being in the form of a sleeve with an eccentric bore fitting on a xed pinsupport 3l, which is fast in the main frame 3. A hand-wheel 32 on this sleeve enables it to be shifted as desired, and a lock-nut 33, screwing on the end of pin 31 and provided with a suitable handhold, as shown, enables the center to be locked in any desired position.

The lower end of lever 26" is connected to an automatic shifting means-that is, to a suitable governor. The governor is here indicated at 34 and controls a rod 35, which extends axially through the governor-actuating gear36 and the governor-hub 37 and th rough the fixed sleeve-support 38, which is formed as an extension of a fixed stud 39. Pins 40 on rod 35 extend out through slots 41 in the fixed sleeve 37 and engage with slots 42 in a fork at the lower end of lever 26. It will be understood that suitable mechanical driving connections with the engine will be provided for driving the shaft 25 and the governor-op-Y erating gear at the proper speed.

In Fig. 2 the roller 23 is shown as bearing about midway of the length of the cam, and this may be assumed to be the normal position, corresponding to average load on the engine, with the governor running at normal speed. Under these conditions each revolution of shaft 25 will cause one stroke of the lever 21 and piston 8. The return stroke of the piston is effected by spring 16, and in each such return stroke a quantity of oil considerably in excess of the momentary requirements of the engine is drawn in through suceva-i752 tion-valve 5,this valve being opened by spring 6 as soon as piston 8 eases upon spring 7. On the next upstro'ke or driving stroke the piston 8, striking spring 7, first compresses same until it overcomes the spring 6 and closes the valve, and then continuing to ascend it puts the oil in the cylinder-space 4 under pressure and, opening the check-valve 1l, drives the oil or a certain portion of same into the fuel- Valve devices of the engine, the spring 7 yielding to permit such further movement of` the piston.

In Fig. 1 the parts are shown in the position where the valve 5 is closed, valve 11 is open, and piston 8 is driving the oil into the engine, as described.

In Fig. 3 is shown the preferred construction of the suction-valve, the body 5' of the valve having a plunger 45, which slides in a cylindrical bore 46 in such valve-body and at its lower end projects beyond the valve-body to engage with the piston 8. rPhe upper end of the bore 46 is closed by a stopper or plug 47, which is keyed thereto and constitutes the valve proper, and a spring 48 is interposed between this part and the plunger 45, the latter being made hollow to receive the spring.

A shoulder 49 on plunger 45 engages with a shoulder 50 on the valve-body 5/ to limit the movement of the spring and predetermine exactly the effective stroke of the pump. As the spring is inclosed, it is not possible for it to get out of line or catch in the moving parts of the pu mp. Ribs 51, either on the valvebody or on the valve casing or bushing 9, guide the valve in its vertical movement.

The above-described construction insures smooth running of the valve.

The action of the governor on variation of speed is to move the cam 24 longitudinally on shaft 25, and thus vary the effective throw of the cam. Until normal speed is reached the pump will feed the full quantity of oil. Above this normal speed the oil is cut down in proportion to increase of speed. Hand regulation changes the quantity of oil taken at normal speed. Thus if the speed exceeds the normal the governor may be assumed to draw the cam to the left in Fig. 2, thus bringing a smaller or less-eccentric part of the cam into operation and lifting the piston to a less extent. As the point where the valve 5 is closed remains the same as before, it will be evident that the stroke of the piston after such closure of the communication with the reservoir will be diminished,and the quan tityof the oilfed to the engine'will be decreased correspondingly. It is desirable, however, in some cases, and particular in marine work, to provide means for adjusting or varying the amount of oil introduced under a given condition of speed, so as to adapt the engine to a particular class of work. This adjustment is provided for by the adjustable center' 30,which may be turned or shifted laterally by its handle 32 and locked by nut 33, so as to cause the position of the cam 24 under any given condition of the gov- IOO IIO

orner to be shifted to cause a smaller throw or a greater throw, as may be desired, the power or capacity of the motor at a given speed being correspondingly varied.

As it may sometimes be required to operate the oil-pu mp by hand,a socket 43 is formed on the lever 2l and is provided with a sockethole to receive ahandle 44, whereby the pump can be-operated without disturbing its adjustment relatively to the engine.

Having thus described our invention, what we claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is as follows:

l. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-cylinder, a communication therefrom to a source of oil-supply, and a suction-valve in such communication, of a piston working in said cylinder, means for operating said piston, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a checkvalve, a spring for holding the aforesaid suction-valve open and means operated by the piston for closing the said suction-valve before the piston finishes its stroke.

2. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination of the pump-cylinder, a communication therefrom to a source of oil-supply and asuction-valve in such communication, a piston working in said cylinder, means for operating said piston, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a check-valve, a spring for holding the aforesaid suctionvalve open and a spring interposed between the said suction-valve and the piston and operated by the latter to close the valve before the piston reaches the end of its stroke.

3. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-cylinder, of an oil-supply connect-ion communicating therewith, a suction-valve in such connection, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a check-valve, a piston working in said cylinder, a spring between said piston and the suction-valve, and operating means for said piston.

4. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-cylinder, of an oil-supply connection communicating therewith, a suction-valve in such connection, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a check-valve, a piston working in said cylinder, a spring between the piston and the suction-valve, and operating means for said piston comprising a spring for moving it away from the suction-valve and cam mechanism for moving it toward said valve.

5. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-cylinder, of an oil-supply connection therewith, a suction-valve in such connection, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a check-valve, a piston working in said cylinder, a spring between said piston and the suction-valve, and

operating means for said piston comprising a part adjustable on said piston, piston-actuating means engaging with such adjustable part and a cam Ifor operating such piston-actuating means.

6. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-cylinder, of an oil-supply connection communicating therewith, a suction-valve in such connection, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a check-Valve, a piston working in said cylinder, a spring between said piston and the suc'- tion-valve, operating to close the said valve, means for operating the suction-valve when released from the pressure of such spring, and operating means for said piston.

7. ln an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-cylinder, of an oil-supply connection communicating therewith, a suction-valve in such connection, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a checkvalve, a piston working in said cylinder, a spring between the piston and the suctionvalve, said valve being adapted to be closed by the operation of said piston acting through said spring, and operating means for said piston comprising a spring for moving it away from the suction-valve and cam mechanism for moving it toward said valve.

S. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pu mp-cylinder,of an oil-supply connection therewith, a suction-valve in such connection, a delivery connection from said cylinder including a check-valve, a piston working in said cylinder, a spring between said piston and the suction-valve, said valve being closed by said piston acting through said spring, and operating means for said piston comprising a part adjustable on said piston, piston-actuating means engaging with such adjustable part and a cam for operating such piston-actuating means.

9. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump cylinderand piston,suction and check valves controlling the oil supply and delivery connections of said cylinder, means controlled by said piston to engage and close the suction-valve at a determinate point of its stroke, and an operating-shaft, of controlling means adjustable relatively to such shaft, but rotating therewith, means engaging with said controlling means to cause operation of said piston, and a governor responsive to the speed of the engine and controlling the position of said controlling means on its shaft.

l0. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-piston and its operating-shaft, of a cone-cam mounted on said shaft to move rotatively therewith but capable of longitudinal movement thereon, means engaging with said cam to operate the pumppiston, a lever connected to said cam, a governor connected to and controlling said lever, and means for adjusting the center of said lever.

ll. In an oil-pump mechanism, the combination with the pump-piston and its operating-shaft, of a conecam mounted on said IOO IIO

shaft to move rotatively therewith, but @epm ble of longitudinal movement thereon, means engaging with said cam to operate the pumppiston, a lever connected With said cam, a governor connected to and controlling said lever, and means for adjusting the center of said lever, comprising an eecentrically-pivoted center for said lever, and means for rotating such center and for looking the same in position.

12. In an oil-pump, the combination With the pump cylinder and piston, of a suctionvalve controlling the oil-supply and provided with means for pressing it away from its seat,

a plunger Working in the valve-body, and x5 adapted to engage with the piston and with the valve-body, and 2t spring for holding the plunger toward the piston.

ARTHUR J. FRITH. JAMES D. MAOPHERSON.

Witnesses:

G. A. TAYLOR, H. NASH REID. 

